If Black English Isnt a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is by James Essay

If Black English Isnt a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is by James Baldwin - Essay Example For example, reading about Congo Square, made me aware of Black American history, and Baldwin’s own identity. My biggest comprehension problem was Baldwin’s comments on the language used in England. It took several readings to understand that one’s social background and education are reflected in the way one speaks English, and one’s language determines one’s chances of advancement in life. In his essay, James Baldwin defends the unique form of Black English. He sees it as a mark of identity, and is proud of its difference from mainstream English. He traces the origins of Black English to the despicable tradition of slavery, and states that the language evolved from the need for self-protection, and a common means of communication. He argues that Black English reflects the reality of the Black American experience. Baldwin holds that Black English is a language, not a dialect, and defends its use by Black children in schools. He is scathing in his criticism of those Americans who despise it, and accuses them of

Marilyn Monroe Essay Example for Free

Marilyn Monroe Essay I have way too many influential people in my life. One too many. However there is one person I’ve looked up to for the past couple of years that really stood out from all the rest and although she doesn’t live today, I’m sure many young girls such as I look up to her and see her as an inspirational icon. Her birth name is Norma Jeane Mortenson but she’s greatly known today by her stage name, â€Å"Marilyn Monroe†. She was an actress, singer, model, showgirl, and soon also became a major sex symbol.   I look up to Marilyn, not only because of how good-looking she was, but because Marilyn Monroe was an incredible person that had gone through soooo many rough patches all throughout her life. She was very up front and bold and didn’t give a damn about what anyone thought about her and what she did, she was very smart. Not just book-smart, but street-smart too. Marilyn Monroe was an amazing person and I can go on and on about her and how wonderful she was. And still is to this day. Read more:  Person to admire essay Marilyn Monroe, as I said, had many rough patches all throughout her life. In a way, she relates to me. Very rebellious and like I said earlier, didn’t care what anyone else around her thought about her, just as long as she had her fun. She was a singer, which is one thing I most definitely love about her. Also, the fact that Marilyn has many of these quotes†¦ if you read all of the quotes from Marilyn Monroe, you’d definitely fall in love with them, just like I have. She came out to be deep and wise with the words she had left behind for the entire world to know. She seems to me†¦ as a realist and also a feminist, which I DEFINITELY LOVE to death, because I’m both a realist and also a feminist. The way she was growing up†¦ it seemed to me that everyone, well most, had tried bringing her down and holding her back most of her life. Telling her in a way that she couldn’t become whatever she wanted to become. That she wouldn’t be able to peruse any of her dreams. That she really wouldn’t go anywhere in her life. Despite all of the let downs and all the people who had tried to bring her down, Marilyn Monroe was still a strong person, who, despite what anyone said, proved them all wrong. I respect and look up to Marilyn Monroe for her confidence, her beauty, her  talent, and also for her perspective on many things in life. Although she had died at such a young age, Marilyn truly did bring out the meaning of â€Å"living life to the fullest†. She made the best out of her life. Had fun, day and night. She had persued her dreams and I look up to her for it because she just basically shows that you can do anything only if you set your mind to it and you let no one get in your way. It’s one of the reasons why I admire Marilyn Monroe so much.

Ofdm Techniques In Satellite Communications

Ofdm Techniques In Satellite Communications The concept of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing was first proposed in 1960 and developed in the 70s .All bandpass modulation schemes use single carrier by adjusting frequency, phase or amplitude .As Digital transmission uses high Bandwidth (data rates), the duration of bit information becomes smaller. The system becomes more vulnerable to loss of information from impulse noise,signal reflections and other impairments. As the bandwidth used by a single carrier system, the vulnerability to interference from other continuous signal sources become greater. ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING Modulation:-A mapping of the information on changes in the carrier phase, frequency or amplitude or combination. Multiplexing:-Method of sharing a bandwidth with other independent data channels. OFDM is a combination of both multiplexing and modulation. OFDM is a special case of FDM . In OFDM the signal is first split into independent carriers, modulated by data and then re-multiplexed to create a OFDM carrier. This can be done by using different modulation/demodulation techniques. The FDM systems requires a guard band between modulated subcarriers to prevent the spectrum of one subcarrier from interfering with another and not using bandwidth efficiently as in fig(i). If the FDM system uses a set of subcarriers that are orthogonal to each other. The use of orthogonal subcarriers would allow the subcarriers spectra to overlap,thus increasing spectral efficiency. As long as orthogonality is maintained, it is possible to recover the individual subcarriers signals despite their overlapping spectrums. . Fig(1): General representation of an FDM scheme with guard bands. Fig(2): Orthogonal FDM, eliminating the guard bands. OFDM can be implemented using the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). The sinusoids of the DFT form an orthogonal basis set, and a signal in the vector space of the DFT can be represented as a linear combination of the orthogonal sinusoids. One view of the DFT is that the transform essentially correlates its input signal with each of the sinusoidal basis functions. The OFDM signal can be a baseband signal or a band pass signal. For wired systems, due to the limited bandwidth of the wires, baseband OFDM signals are transmitted. For wireless communications, such as wireless local area network (WLAN) specified by IEEE 802.11a standard OFDM signal frequency bands are allocated in the RF frequency band. In this case, OFDM signals are generated in baseband first and up-converted to the RF band for transmission. Mathematically, the OFDM signal using the DFT/IDFT pair would be as shown [4]: DFT: X(k)=ÃŽ £n=0to(N-1) x(n) exp(-j2Ï€nk/N) IDFT: x(k)=(1/N) ÃŽ £n=0to(N-1) X(n) exp(j2Ï€nk/N) Figure (3): General block diagram of OFDM MULTIPATH CARRIERS As OFDM uses Multipath carriers they cause two problems Intersymbol Interference:-This occurs when the received OFDM is distorted by the previously transmitted OFDM symbol.Where as in single carrier the interfere is due to several other symbols instead of just the previous symbol. Intersymbol Interference can be removed by using guard interval. Intrasymbol Interference:-This occurs due to the interference amongst a given OFDM symbols own subcarriers. Fig(4): Performance evaluation of various modulation techniques with OFDM OFDM ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OFDM offers many advantages over single-carrier modulations [1]: The maximum signaling rate (Nyquist rate) for a given channel can be approached without the use of sharp cutoff filters. It elongates the symbol period so that the signal is more robust against inter symbol interference caused by channel dispersions and multipath interference. It divides the entire frequency band into narrow bands so that it is less sensitive to wide-band impulse noise and fast channel fades. The effect of a slow frequency-selective fade is a separate complex gain on each sub-band signal and it can be removed by simply multiplying the signal by the conjugate of the complex gain-that is, equalization can be easily done by a one-tap equalizer. Different modulation formats and data rates can be used on different subcarriers depending on the noise level of individual sub-bands (the symbol periods are kept the same). In serial transmission, certain types of noise (such as time varying tone interference) may cause an entire system to fail; the parallel OFDM system can avoid this problem by adaptively reducing the data rate of the affected sub-bands or dropping them. OFDM can be implemented digitally using an inverse discrete Fourier transform and discrete Fourier transform (IDFT/DFT) pair (via the efficient fast algorithm IFFT/FFT pair), which greatly reduces the system complexity. OFDM is based on a parallel data transmission scheme that reduces the effect of multipath fading and makes the use of complex equalizers unnecessary. OFDM achieves high spectral efficiency by allowing the sub-carriers to overlap in the frequency domain. The sub-carriers are made orthogonal to each other therefore there is no Inter-Carrier Interference. If the number of sub-carriers in N, the total bandwidth required is BWtotal=(N+1)/Ts. For large values of N, the total bandwidth required can be approximated as BWtotal=(N)/Ts. On the other hand, the bandwidth required for single carrier transmission of the same data is BWtotal=(2N)/Ts. Thus we achieve a spectral gain of nearly 100% in OFDM compared to the single carrier transmission case. OFDM also have DISADVANTAGES over single carrier modulation systems The OFDM signal has a noise like amplitude with a very large dynamic range, therefore it requires RF power amplifiers with a high peak to average power ratio. It is more sensitive to carrier frequency offset and drift than single carrier systems are due to leakage of the DFT. High sensitivity to synchronization errors. Nonlinear effects generated by the power amplifier may introduce inter carrier interference and thus destroy the orthogonality. Larger sidelobes may result in sensitivity to frequency. APPLICATIONS OF OFDM Wireless LAN Applications HIPERLAN/2 HIPERLAN/2 is a Wireless LAN application defined by the ETSI. HIPERLAN/2 handles data rates between 6-54 Mbit/s. HIPERLAN/2 provides a DLC layer on top of which an IP based broadband network can be implemented. The Physical layer of HIPERLAN/2 is based on the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation scheme. The Numerical Values of OFDM parameters in HIPERLAN are given below: Parameter Value Sampling rate fs=1/T 20 MHz Symbol part duration TU 64*T 3,2  µs Cyclic prefix duration TCP 16*T, 0,8  µs (mandatory); 8*T, 0,4  µs (optional) Symbol interval TS 80*T, 4,0  µs (TU+TCP) ; 72*T, 3,6  µs (TU+TCP) Number of data sub-carriers NSD 48 Number of pilot sub-carriers NSP 4 Sub-carrier spacing à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾f 0.3125 MHz (1/TU) Spacing between the two outmost sub-carriers 16.25 MHz (NST*à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾f) IEEE 802.11 The IEEE 802.11 committee has a standard similar to the HIPERLAN. Its OFDM parameters are as shown below: Data Rate 6,9,12,18,24,36,48,54 Mbps Modulation BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64 QAM Coding Rate 1/2, 2/3,3/4 No of Sub-Carriers 52 No of pilots 4 OFDM Symbol Duration 4 us Guard Interval 800 ns Sub-Carrier Spacing 312.5 kHz 3 dB bandwidth 16.56 MHz Channel Spacing 20 MHz Satellite Communication applications Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) Digital Audio Broadcasting is a new multimedia technology, with a good sound quality and better spectrum efficiency. The DAB system samples audio at a sample rate of 48 kHz and a resolution of 22 bits. Then the data is compressed to between 32 and 384 kbps. A rate  ¼ convolution code is used with constraint length 7. The total data rate is about 2.2 Mbps. The frame time is 24ms. QPSK modulation is performed at the transmitter. The advantage of using OFDM for DAB is that the OFDM suffers very little delay spread and has high spectral efficiency. Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-T) Digital Video Broadcasting is an ETSI standard for broadcasting Digital Television over satellites, cables and through terrestrial (wireless) transmission. Terrestrial DVB operates in either of 2 modes called 2k and 8k modes with 1705 carriers and 6817 carriers respectively. It uses QPSK, 16-QAM or 64-QAM subcarrier modulations. It also uses pilot subcarrier for recovering amplitude and phase for coherent demodulation The major use of OFDM can be observed when multiple techniques can be transmitted and received at the same time. This can be done with the help of MIMO OFDM. The transmitted signal will be received by various VSAT networks based on the corresponding frequencies. Further, processing of this signal and error corrections, the original signal is retrieved. For example, consider that a DAB, DVB and other geological information is received by various antennas as shown in the figure. NEWEST RESEARCH AND FUTURE TRENDS OF OFDM One of the methods developed in the recent years is that the convolutional coding (CC) and trellis coded modulation (TCM) are combined with OFDM for a Rician fading channel according to the specifications given by the Iridium system. Here, the bit error rate (BER) performance of OFDM with 8-PSK and 16-QAM modulation techniques along with two different coding schemes are considered for a LEO satellite channel. Trellis coded OFDM gives the best performance compared to convolutional coded OFDM. The peak to average power ratio (PAPR) can be reduced approximately by 1.5 dB with the help of the partial transmit sequence technique (PTS). Later, some more research and simulation results proved that the Turbo Coded (TC) OFDM performed better than CC or TCM with OFDM [6]. Satellite mobile systems are developed to provide connectivity between remote terrestrial networks, direct network access, Internet services using fixed or mobile terminals, interactive multimedia applications, and high data-rate transmissions. Most of these research and development scenarios have considered the Non-Geo Stationary Satellite (NGSO) network for providing satellite-based mobile multimedia services because of its low propagation delay and low path loss. As a result, new generations of broadband satellite communication systems are currently being developed to support multimedia and Internet-based applications. For example, the Spaceway system provides downlink transmission rates of up to 100 Mbps, and a total capacity of up to 4.4 Gbps. In order to significantly increase the capacity of 4G broadband satellite systems, current research aims at developing new advanced technologies [5]. In the wireless system, OFDM is the main basis for several television and radio broadcast applications, including the European digital audio broadcasting (DAB) and high-definition TV (HDTV) terrestrial broadcasting as well as North American digital radio broadcasting. By the beginning of the 21st century, OFDM has been adopted as standard for new high-rate wireless local area network (WLAN), such as IEEE 802.11, HIPERLAN II, as well as the Japanese Multimedia Mobile Access Communications (MMAC). Currently, many researches are underway to devolve an OFDM-based system to deliver mobile broadband data service at data rates comparable to those of wired services, such as DSL and cable modems. Moreover, OFDM technology is a very attractive candidate when targeting high quality and high flexibility in mobile multimedia communications over satellite systems [6]. When the research interest is in the integration process of 3G terrestrial systems with the satellite domain, the conventional frequency division MAS (FDMA) system looses its flavor in competing with the code division MAS (CDMA) and time division MAS (TDMA)-based systems for its very high bandwidth (BW) requirement. Moreover, in satellite systems, it is shown that CDMA system outperforms the FDMA system when diversity is taken in to account. In this case, OFDM replaces FDMA with manifold advantages. Currently wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) and OFDM/TDMA techniques are successfully in use in terrestrial mobile multimedia systems. Therefore, these two Multiple Access schemes (MASs) are getting considerable attention [7] in mobile multimedia communications for Non-Geo Stationary Satellite interface.

Olubowale Victor Akintimehin: Stage Name Wale Essay -- Musicians

When most musicians become famous it is common that they lose touch with their culture, family, and become obsessed with making money. Many come in with a certain singing or rapping style but change what makes them unique for a record deal. In the hip-hop scene rappers start to dress themselves in many expensive designer clothing labels and diamond accessories, however, for Nigerian-American hip-hop MC Olubowale Victor Akintimehin, stage name Wale, this is a different story. Unlike many rappers, Wale is noteworthy and respected for the exact opposite: he embraces his culture and is interested in becoming famous for just simply being himself. Wale was born in Northwest Washington, D.C. September 21, 1984 to Nigerian immigrants who first arrived five years prior. After 10 years, their family then moved to Gaithersburg, Maryland where Wale found himself attending seven different high schools in both the DC and Maryland area. "My first high school was a predominantly black school, [and] then I went to a predominantly white school, and then back again. I think that helped me cultivate an open mind about most things in life†¦I kind of understand the plight of all people, from understanding all those different environments," he says in his biography on his official website www.ralphfolarin.com. In 2001, Wale graduated from Quince Orchard High School and later attended Robert Morris and Virginia State University on football scholarships. However after transferring a third time to Bowie State University Wale decided to drop out and aspire on the journey for a potential recording career. In 2003-2004, Wale got his first air time with his song, "Rhyme of the Century," on a local radio station which placed him in the "Unsigned Hype" column ... ...azine-says-he-loves-dark-skinned-pretty-girls-0 http://dimewars.com/Video/Wale-Talks-Nigerian-Pride---Fear-Of-Lightskinned-Girls.aspx?bcmediaid=2d817e9c-5618-42a5-9f65-e7402c28b65c http://www.jprotege.com/wale-nigerian-day-parade/ http://www.getmusic.com.au/wale/biography http://questionmarkmag.com/2011/08/wale-works-with-african-artistes-for-charity-gig/ http://www.rap-up.com/2009/08/08/wales-attention-gets-sidetracked/ http://afrofusionlounge.wordpress.com/2010/11/29/bunny-mack-interview-no-qualms-about-wales-sample-of-his-classic-song/ http://killerboombox.com/6485/audio/heaters/wale-no-one-be-like-you http://www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?ID=788 http://www.census.gov/population/international/ http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/sub-saharan-africa/nigeria?profile=intRelations&pg=4 Olubowale Victor Akintimehin: Stage Name Wale Essay -- Musicians When most musicians become famous it is common that they lose touch with their culture, family, and become obsessed with making money. Many come in with a certain singing or rapping style but change what makes them unique for a record deal. In the hip-hop scene rappers start to dress themselves in many expensive designer clothing labels and diamond accessories, however, for Nigerian-American hip-hop MC Olubowale Victor Akintimehin, stage name Wale, this is a different story. Unlike many rappers, Wale is noteworthy and respected for the exact opposite: he embraces his culture and is interested in becoming famous for just simply being himself. Wale was born in Northwest Washington, D.C. September 21, 1984 to Nigerian immigrants who first arrived five years prior. After 10 years, their family then moved to Gaithersburg, Maryland where Wale found himself attending seven different high schools in both the DC and Maryland area. "My first high school was a predominantly black school, [and] then I went to a predominantly white school, and then back again. I think that helped me cultivate an open mind about most things in life†¦I kind of understand the plight of all people, from understanding all those different environments," he says in his biography on his official website www.ralphfolarin.com. In 2001, Wale graduated from Quince Orchard High School and later attended Robert Morris and Virginia State University on football scholarships. However after transferring a third time to Bowie State University Wale decided to drop out and aspire on the journey for a potential recording career. In 2003-2004, Wale got his first air time with his song, "Rhyme of the Century," on a local radio station which placed him in the "Unsigned Hype" column ... ...azine-says-he-loves-dark-skinned-pretty-girls-0 http://dimewars.com/Video/Wale-Talks-Nigerian-Pride---Fear-Of-Lightskinned-Girls.aspx?bcmediaid=2d817e9c-5618-42a5-9f65-e7402c28b65c http://www.jprotege.com/wale-nigerian-day-parade/ http://www.getmusic.com.au/wale/biography http://questionmarkmag.com/2011/08/wale-works-with-african-artistes-for-charity-gig/ http://www.rap-up.com/2009/08/08/wales-attention-gets-sidetracked/ http://afrofusionlounge.wordpress.com/2010/11/29/bunny-mack-interview-no-qualms-about-wales-sample-of-his-classic-song/ http://killerboombox.com/6485/audio/heaters/wale-no-one-be-like-you http://www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?ID=788 http://www.census.gov/population/international/ http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/travel-advice-by-country/country-profile/sub-saharan-africa/nigeria?profile=intRelations&pg=4

Did the Third Reich Experience An Economic Miracle? Essay

Although the economic situation undoubtedly improved in general during the Third Reich, to call this an economic miracle is a drastic overstatement. The German economy made a huge recovery under Nazi rule but this can not be completely credited to Hitler and it must be noted that the economic situation in Germany was beginning to improve before the Nazis came to power. However, when Hitler came to power in 1933, he did inherit a difficult situation. The Great Depression had destroyed the previous regime and 50,000 businesses had gone bankrupt. Whether or not the country was in great crisis is debatable but it was certainly in desperate need of dramatic changes in the economy. Although there were some signs of the beginning of an economic recovery, this was by no means inevitable, and Richard Overy argues that 8 million people were still unemployed and the economy was still in poor shape. Hitler was keen to avoid economic experimentation and simply aimed to consolidate and improve Weimar policies. He continued and enlarged Work Creation programmes from Weimar and this reduced unemployment as well as providing other benefits for workers. By 1936 the average wage was 35 marks per week, ten times more than the dole money which 6 million had been receiving in 1932. The 1933 Enabling Act meant that Hitler had no formal constraints on his power so he was able to extend and more vigorously enforce the schemes from the Weimar government. In avoiding experimentation and purely consolidating old policies, Hitler was cleverly avoiding any risks which may have worsened the situation further. Therefore although this was an intelligent strategy, it indicates that the drastic reduction of unemployment was not miraculous but merely the result of continuing and improving existing ideas and schemes. Another method in which Hitler sought to return Germany to its former prosperity was through careful regulation and absolute control. Wages and prices were controlled to reduce the threat of inflation and Mefo Bills were introduced to help fund increased government spending. The State took over the banking system, which was on the verge of collapse and took control of the capital market. There were high levels of state supervision and intervention. Schacht’s New Plan of 1934 aimed to tackle the problem of trade deficit through the regulation of imports and the control of foreign exchange. Schacht also made a series of bilateral trade agreements to supply raw materials that Germany needed and the New Plan was relatively successful in solving the immediate problem. Therefore Hitler’s economic strategy mainly consisted of expanding the Weimar Work Creation schemes, regulating imports and taking control of the countries economy; the banking system, the capital market, wages and prices. This suggests not a miracle but an economic recovery caused greatly by Hitler’s enhancement of state control. The pre-slump peak of Gross National Product had been exceeded by 1935 and the level of industrial production achieved in 1928 was surpassed by 1936. By 1937 unemployment was down to under one million and by 1939 the German economy had grown 33% above its late 1920s peak. This evidence supports the argument that the German economy made a radical recovery during the Third Reich but can this really be classed as a miracle? Certainly these are impressive statistics and Germany’s economic recovery drew admiration from both home and abroad, but to call this miraculous is an over exaggeration. The economic recovery occurred due to a variety of factors- political stabilization, the continuation of Weimar policies, the New Plan, greater state control and increased government spending. Although there were signs of the beginning of a recovery before the Nazis came to power, there is little reason to believe that Germany would have recovered any more successfully then France if not for these factors, brought about in the Third Reich. Germany’s successful recovery was a result of the way Germany was governed during the Nazi rule. Although many of the Nazis economic controls had been developed under Weimar, Ferguson argues that the success would not have been possible without a radical transformation of the political system. Hitler extended and improved Weimar policies and was able to enforce them more vigorously as he had no formal constraints on his power. Hitler’s strong focus on rearmament however, had a detrimental effect on the country’s economy. Hitler wanted to be ready for war within four years and the excessive pace of rearmament meant that the German economy was overheating. Mason has argued that the economy was under great strain as a result of the emphasis placed on rearmament and autarky- a strategy to make Germany as self-sufficient as possible. Therefore although Germany’s economy did make a significant recovery during the Third Reich, there were also negative aspects to the Nazi regimes economic policies. However despite this, the improvement in Germany’s economy was extremely impressive. This should not be classed as a miracle but rather as an impressive recovery from a grim situation due to the consolidation of Weimar ideas enforced more vigorously with increased government funding and greater state control. The economic recovery was remarkable considering the country’s economic state when Hitler first came to power but ‘miracle’ is too powerful a term. By 1938 the GNP had increased by about 75% which is undoubtedly spectacular but is purely evidence of successful governmental strategies- not a ‘miracle’.

Negative and Positive Effect of Using Computers

Using computers everyday can have more, negative than positive effect on young children. Nowadays computer play a crucial role for young generation. Mostly children dependent on computers for multifarious purposes. But some people believe that it cause obstacle between their healthy life and in acquiring practical knowledge. Lets delve deeper into the topic to seek more clarification.Firstly and most commonly,the advanced technology make the people more lethargic. The children spend their leisure time in playing games on computer which cause paucity of interaction with their friends.Because team work is must to interact with the world. While sitting in front of the monitor screen their eye sight effects badly.In addition, numerous children suffered from back pain and obesity problem that occurs due to the lack of physical exercise. This problems have create critical health hazards.Furthermore, The use of computers make the life more fast and easy. Students enhance their knowledge and learn the use of technology.Due to the modern era it is must for the children to keep them-self update. today their is a world of cut throat competition .The computer beneficial to improve the general knowledge and IQ level.It makes the children more occupied in work and its better to stay away from bad habits. In nutshell, It would safe to say the advantages of the computer over weigh the disadvantages.To conclude, computer meant to make live comfortable and easy but people handle that in complex and abusive manner.Its not possible to keep away the children from computers.The children should allow them to use it in the supervision of parents only.â€Å"Using a computer everyday can have more negative than positive effects on children. Do you agree ? Explain your opinion with relevant examples.† In today's technologically developed world, the computer is no longer a luxury, but a staple of everyday life. In personal, professional and academic spheres reliance on the computer is inevitable. Although, some would say that use of a computer at an early age has detrimental effects, I content that its benefits outweigh its risks.The current education system places a great amount of mental pressure on students. Including computer and internet with the studies may make the curriculum  more interactive and interesting. Learning vast syllabus and diverse topics in different areas can often force a student to opt for rote learning without putting stress on their brain, such a method further leads to strait-jacket a child's cognitive skills.In contrast, use of computers and internet for exploring such topics will help them in achieving an in-depth knowledge and understanding from their roots. It can further stemmed to make them a good abstract thinker. It is also worthy to galvanize the use of computer during children's leisure time.There are a galore of   strategy related computer games available in the market. Playing such skill games is a good way of increa sing one's concentration level, boosting self-confidence and improving the one's thinking capability. In today's job market, every single openings comes up with a requirement of mandatory computer knowledge with hands-on training, on the rudiments of computer skills.Having children explored exposed to such skills at an early age would ironically â€Å"ironically† is wrong here prepare them for more profession career. On the other hand, one must not ignore the detrimental effects on health of using computers continuously for extended time periods. Guidance by parents and elders is a must for a child – especially to supervise if â€Å"verify that† sounds better   they are not addicted to any tantalizing, restricted websites that contains in-decenand violent materials. To sum up, I would concede that computer use at an early age is of pinnacle importances and its disadvantages can be easily curbed with proper guidance and constant supervision.Using a computer eve ry day can have more negative than positive effects on children. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. In today's modern world, computers are an essential part of everyday life. Around the globe, children often use computers from a very  young age. Although it is important for children to participate in various well-balanced activities, in my opinion, children who use the computer daily are actually developing a critical skill for future success. The bases for my views are personal, academic, and professional.From a personal point of view, computers are an invaluable resource to help young people explore the world around them. For example, children who use Internet to satisfy their curiosity about diverse topics are already becoming independent learners. No child with a computer is ever bored! By starting early in their lives, children feel totally at ease around computers; they are also able to take advantage of the wide range of services computers provide. From an academic viewpoint, children have no choice but to master this technological invention. For instance, when I was in university, students brought their laptops to class to take notes, do research and exchange information.They wrote assignments, created presentations and developed databases. Children who build early confidence and experience in these abilities are at a distinct advantage over those who have not. From a professional perspective, the computer has found a permanent place in the workplace. Today, employers still pay to provide computer training to their employees. Tomorrow, corporations will expect prospective job applicants to already possess these critical job skills. Consequently, parents who encourage their child to use the computer for a reasonable period of time daily are in fact investing in the child's future career. In conclusion, there is no doubt that the computer as a technological too l is here to stay. The sooner children become computer-literate, the better for many aspects of their future lives.