Free Essays on Deontological

DEONTOLOGICAL - This kind of hypothesis asserts that there are includes inside the activities themselves which decide if they are correct. These highlights characterize the degree to which the activities acclimate with perceived good obligations. For instance, driving while alcoholic abuses the obligation to â€Å"above all carry out no harm.† The responsibilities get from different sources, for example, religion, science, brain research, power, culture, language, and so on. Contingent upon the deontological hypothesis, these obligations might be total (no exemptions), by all appearances (must be superseded by an increasingly significant obligation), or restrictive (just hold under indicated conditions). Deontological speculations don't believe results to be significant while deciding if an activity is moral. It doesn’t matter if the alcoholic driver made it home securely. Driving alcoholic was still off-base on the grounds that the expectation to drive alcoholic wasn't right (or to drink liquor when one realizes one needs to drive). Immanuel Kant's moral hypothesis is deontological. He asserts that activities are possibly ethically right when they are carried out of responsibility. He considers good to be as constant laws for human lead. He accepts that profound quality is gotten from the capacity to think judiciously, which empowers creatures to be free. On the off chance that one isn't free, at that point one can't be considered capable. Accordingly just free people are good specialists and every single free individual are equipped for carrying on of reason. Kant’s moral hypothesis is to a great extent concentrated on ensuring and advancing the free activity of levelheaded creatures. Three definitions of his all out basic are gotten from this ethical establishment: (Kant) Continuously carry on of obligation, as per a cooperative attitude (I.e. One makes the best decision since one perceives that it is the best activity, not on the grounds that it satisfies you to do it or will advance great results.). (pp. 25-26.) Continuously go about as though the saying of thy activity were to become by thy will a Universal Law of Nature (for example Are you willing to... Free Essays on Deontological Free Essays on Deontological DEONTOLOGICAL - This sort of hypothesis guarantees that there are includes inside the activities themselves which decide if they are correct. These highlights characterize the degree to which the activities accommodate with perceived good obligations. For instance, driving while alcoholic abuses the obligation to â€Å"above all carry out no harm.† The responsibilities get from different sources, for example, religion, science, brain research, transcendentalism, culture, language, and so forth. Contingent upon the deontological hypothesis, these obligations might be total (no exemptions), at first sight (must be superseded by a progressively significant obligation), or restrictive (just hold under determined conditions). Deontological hypotheses don't believe outcomes to be significant while deciding if an activity is moral. It doesn’t matter if the alcoholic driver made it home securely. Driving alcoholic was still off-base on the grounds that the aim to drive alcoholic wasn't right (or to drink liquor when one realizes one needs to drive). Immanuel Kant's moral hypothesis is deontological. He asserts that activities are possibly ethically right when they are carried out of responsibility. He considers good to be as constant laws for human direct. He accepts that ethical quality is gotten from the capacity to think soundly, which empowers creatures to be free. On the off chance that one isn't free, at that point one can't be considered dependable. Along these lines just free people are good specialists and every single free individual are fit for carrying on of reason. Kant’s moral hypothesis is to a great extent concentrated on securing and advancing the free activity of sound creatures. Three plans of his straight out basic are gotten from this ethical establishment: (Kant) Continuously carry on of obligation, as per a positive attitude (I.e. One makes the best decision since one perceives that it is the correct activity, not on the grounds that it satisfies you to do it or will advance great outcomes.). (pp. 25-26.) Continuously go about as though the proverb of thy activity were to become by thy will a Universal Law of Nature (for example Are you willing to...

Information Terrorism Essays - Terrorism, Definitions Of Terrorism

Data Terrorism The presentation of the PC has made another kind of fear mongering known as enlightening fear based oppression, which presents a danger, equivalent to or more noteworthy than physical fear based oppression. Email bombs and assaults on web servers are the most reduced types of enlightening fear based oppression regarding pulverization. Higher types of enlightening fighting incorporate utilizing the web as an impetus to deliver physical fear based oppression on a higher scale. The national security foundation is worried about another type of contention; enlightening fighting. (Devost, 1) The Division of Defense meaning of fear based oppression is the determined utilization of brutality or the danger of viciousness to teach dread; planned to constrain or to threaten governments or social orders in the quest for objectives that are by and large political, strict, or ideological. (Research, 1) While in physical fear based oppression, the culprit must interact with the objective, in educational fear based oppression the culprit just needs a PC association. Not just are the apparatuses of data fear based oppression increasingly open yet the suggestions can be additionally destroying. Related to the Internet and the earliest stages of its laws, the criminal equity framework has fallen behind with its unclear arrangement of muddled laws. Terroristic savagery, as depicted in Tom Clancy's Clear and Present Danger, presents a genuine danger to the U.S. which ought to be managed not just with alert and security, yet in addition related to reaction. Distinguishing universal psychological militants and their systems giving admonition so that defensive or obstruction measures can be taken, and assembling data on psychological oppressor acts require a significant U.S. clever exertion. (Wilcox, 1) In Tom Clancy's Clear and Present Danger, data isn't effectively dispersed to U.S. operators causing underestimation of adversaries. To redress the medication issue started by Columbia, both the United States and Columbia utilize physical fear based oppression to fight each other. After Colombian medication rulers murder a United States minister, the United States fights back by mounting a progression of secretive tasks including deaths and ban of medication creation and carrying. Does the Colombian medication rulers murder of one man legitimize the responses of over effort of power from the U.S.? Tom Clancy utilized little groups of undercover agents to dispatch a counter assault on the Colombians. The U.S. right now utilizes a methodology like this. To react immediately to fear monger episodes abroad which require differed U.S. assets, we have built up a one of a kind quick response group. This group, drove by an official from S/CT, comprises of specialists from DOD, CIA, FBI and different offices, varying. In line with an outside government or a U.S. Envoy abroad, this group can be dispatched inside a barely any hours on an uncommonly devoted airplane gave by DOD to wherever in the world. The group's main responsibility is to offer help to the Ambassador and the host government in settling a psychological militant emergency, and to prompt on extra U.S. resources that may be needed.(Combating, 2) This reaction doesn't just typify Clancy's neutralization however outperforms it with the addition of whatever power is essential. Little, custom fitted groups can be propelled, contingent upon the emergency, what's more, pros from singular urgencies can be sent alone, as the circumstance arises(Wilcox, 2) If the result of physical psychological warfare is dread and passing, how will data fear based oppression render a more noteworthy danger? Thinking about the nearness of PCs in current society, it isn't astonishing that fear based oppressors have once in a while focused on PCs frameworks in the past.(Devost, 2) Data fear based oppression is the nexus between criminal data framework misrepresentation misuse, and the physical savagery of terrorism(Devost, 2) Data innovation offers new chances to terrorists(Devost, 1) Data fighting, inexactly characterized, is focusing on the data and data frameworks that include and bolster regular citizen and military frameworks of an enemy. Data fighting runs further than assaults on tanks and troops: a data fighting effort can target and upset the data and systems that bolster urgent everyday activities of regular citizen, business, and military frameworks, e.g., airport regulation, power networks, securities exchanges, worldwide monetary exchanges, coordinations controls, and so forth. (Enlightening, 1) Data innovation offers new chances to fear mongers. A fear based oppressor association can harvest generally safe, profoundly noticeable settlements by assaulting data frameworks. With an end goal to pull in the consideration of the general population, political psychological militants execute their demonstrations with the media at the front line of their procedure: this system math depends on the suspicion that entrance to the correspondence structure is legitimately identified with power. (Informational, 1) In short, educational psychological warfare can influence a large number of individuals, a huge number of miles away, without leaving a path for compensation. Fear based oppression is a quickly developing and responsive wonder. (Devost, 1) It is war in which there are no cutting edges and in which fear based oppression professionals have Data Terrorism Essays - Terrorism, Definitions Of Terrorism Data Terrorism The presentation of the PC has made another kind of psychological oppression known as instructive fear based oppression, which presents a danger, equivalent to or more prominent than physical psychological warfare. Email bombs and assaults on web servers are the most reduced types of instructive fear based oppression as far as demolition. Higher types of instructive fighting incorporate utilizing the web as an impetus to deliver physical psychological warfare on a higher scale. The national security foundation is worried about another type of contention; educational fighting. (Devost, 1) The Division of Defense meaning of psychological warfare is the determined utilization of brutality or the danger of savagery to teach dread; planned to force or to threaten governments or social orders in the quest for objectives that are for the most part political, strict, or ideological. (Research, 1) While in physical fear mongering, the culprit must interact with the objective, in enlightening psychological warfare the culprit just needs a PC association. Not just are the devices of data fear mongering increasingly available however the suggestions can be all the more destroying. Related to the Internet and the earliest stages of its laws, the criminal equity framework has fallen behind with its ambiguous arrangement of unintelligible laws. Terroristic viciousness, as depicted in Tom Clancy's Clear and Present Danger, presents a genuine danger to the U.S. which ought to be managed not just with alert and security, yet in addition related to reaction. Distinguishing worldwide fear mongers and their systems giving admonition so that defensive or obstacle measures can be taken, and assembling data on psychological militant acts require a significant U.S. insightful exertion. (Wilcox, 1) In Tom Clancy's Clear and Present Danger, data isn't accurately disseminated to U.S. specialists causing underestimation of adversaries. To amend the medication issue started by Columbia, both the United States and Columbia utilize physical psychological oppression to fight each other. After Colombian medication masters murder a United States diplomat, the United States fights back by mounting a progression of incognito tasks including deaths and ban of medication creation and pirating. Does the Colombian medication rulers murder of one man legitimize the responses of over effort of power from the U.S.? Tom Clancy utilized little groups of undercover agents to dispatch a counter assault on the Colombians. The U.S. right now utilizes a methodology like this. To react instantly to psychological militant episodes abroad which require differed U.S. assets, we have built up an extraordinary quick response group. This group, drove by an official from S/CT, comprises of specialists from DOD, CIA, FBI and different offices, varying. In line with an outside government or a U.S. Represetative abroad, this group can be dispatched inside a not many hours on an uncommonly committed airplane gave by DOD to wherever in the world. The group's main responsibility is to offer help to the Ambassador and the host government in settling a fear based oppressor emergency, and to exhort on extra U.S. resources that may be needed.(Combating, 2) This reaction doesn't just epitomize Clancy's balance however outperforms it with the addition of whatever power is vital. Little, custom-made groups can be propelled, contingent upon the emergency, what's more, authorities from singular urgencies can be sent alone, as the circumstance arises(Wilcox, 2) If the result of physical psychological warfare is dread and demise, how will data fear based oppression render a more prominent danger? Thinking about the nearness of PCs in present day society, it isn't amazing that psychological militants have once in a while focused on PCs frameworks in the past.(Devost, 2) Data fear based oppression is the nexus between criminal data framework extortion misuse, and the physical savagery of terrorism(Devost, 2) Data innovation offers new chances to terrorists(Devost, 1) Data fighting, approximately characterized, is focusing on the data and data frameworks that contain and bolster non military personnel and military foundations of a foe. Data fighting runs further than assaults on tanks and troops: a data fighting effort can target and disturb the data and systems that bolster critical everyday operations of regular citizen, business, and military frameworks, e.g., airport regulation, power matrices, financial exchanges, worldwide monetary exchanges, coordinations controls, and so on. (Instructive, 1) Data innovation offers new chances to psychological militants. A fear based oppressor association can procure generally safe, profoundly obvious adjustments by assaulting data frameworks. With an end goal to draw in the consideration of general society, political

Intimate Relationships and Adult ADD

Intimate Relationships and Adult ADD ADHD Adult ADD/ADHD Print How ADHD Gets Between You and Your Romantic Partner By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Updated on August 12, 2019 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Morsa Images / Taxi / Getty Images All relationships present challenges at some point in time. ADD / ADHD can certainly have a unique impact on relationships. Kate Kelly, founder of ADDed Dimensions Coaching and author of You Mean I’m Not Lazy, Stupid or Crazy?! and The ADDed Dimension, notes that ADHD impacts every area of life, including intimate relationships. Kelly identifies four major areas of difficulty. Any of these can get between you and your partnerâ€"but once youre aware of the challenges, you can begin to address them. Do any (or all) of these issues sound familiar? Difficulty Being Present and Staying Present “Perhaps the biggest problem is the ADHD partner who seems to be here today and gone tomorrow,” explains Kelly. “ADHD symptoms are erratic. The person with ADHD may be extremely distractible in the morning, for example, and relatively focused an hour or two later. This can be very difficult for a partner. Their loved one is loving and connected with them in one moment, and gone ‘somewhere else’ in the next. There seems to be no rhyme or reason to the disconnects.” ADHD Core Symptoms Touchy Touchability Kelly notes that many people with ADHD also have problems with sensory integration. “In short, this means that the mechanisms that filter sensory input are faulty. Lights may be too bright, sounds too loud and touch may feel irritating or annoying,” explains Kelly. “As you might imagine, this can create difficulties between partners when the ADHD person resists being touched.” Hypersensitivity in ADHD Forgetting Things ADHD interferes with memory. Kelly acknowledges that the process of remembering is rather complicated, but identifies the main problem with ADHD and memoryâ€"getting the thing to be remembered into the memory banks in the first place. “The first stage of memory is attending to the piece of information to be remembered,” says Kelly. “If your attention is weak, that bit of information may never make it into the brain.” A Short Fuse It is not uncommon for those with ADHD to have a quick temper. “Many people with ADHD have a short fuse,” explains Kelly. “Their temper is activated quickly and easily. The partner of the person with ADHD is often bewildered, as the angry outburst seems to come out of nowhere.” How to Improve Your Anger Control in ADD Relationships

Social Class in Jane Austen - 997 Words

Throughout this essay , I will be looking at the theme of social class in Jane Austen’s work ; critically analysed by Juliet McMaster, a chapter taken from ‘The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen’, edited by Edward Copeland and Juliet McMaster. Jane Austens novels at first glance tell a story of romance, set within the landowning society amidst country estates, and their cultivation of tea parties, social outings, and extravagant balls; ladies frolicking in flowing gowns through decorated rooms, and men deliberating over their game of whist. The storybook romance usually unfolds in these familiar settings, and inevitably involves the conflict of two lovers separated by differences in social class, and the resulting influence of the†¦show more content†¦This system unfairly gives privilege to one family member by giving him /her everything, for the preservation of the family name and the estate throughout the generations. Hence the five Longbourn girls ar e to be turned out upon their father’s death, since the estate is entailed to Mr. Collins. Charles Bingley is the most we witness of social mobility. He is a gentleman who lives a lavish life, and whose money was ‘acquired by trade’. He walks in his father’s footsteps, and once married to Jane, he does buy an estate. This means that the ‘next generation will be a step upwards in their social ladder. His sisters on the other hand are status and power hungry and are ‘proud and conceited’. Darcy, rebutes, very realistically that the Bennet sisters’ connection with trade, will prove to be an obstacle to their happiness and will lessen their chance of marrying men of prestige. The quality of humans is judged by moral and humane standards. Charlotte Lucas chooses to marry the pompous Mr. Collins, not for love but it is simply a marriage of convenience, in which she is the one finding it convenient. Through this Jane Austen presents the bleak and futile existence of women, as well as the happier outcome, of the heroine who finds fulfillment in marrying the man she loves. The servants in Jane Austen’s novels represent the poor working class. The ‘poor’ are seldom mentioned, except through Lady Catherine’s scolding of degradation. Human worth shouldShow MoreRelatedBritish Social Class in Mansfield Park by Jane Austen1742 Words   |  7 Pagessocially oriented novel. In this novel Jane Austen closely describe the everyday life of rural middle class society, its gaieties and hardships, describing a distinct system of moral and social principles influencing people’s lives in that period, women status in the system and female life expectations. In the novel Austen shows the efforts of some trying to break the predetermined limitations in order to improve their social class and rank. Austen pointed out the social threats that might ruin the women’sRead MoreJane Austen And Charlott e Bronte s Social Class1748 Words   |  7 PagesIn both texts, both authors; Jane Austen and Charlotte Bronte explore social class in a number of ways. They do this through the use of their stylistic devices and this in turn appeals to their different audiences. Both Jane and Charlotte are notable writers for their remarkable texts. Jane Austen is known for playing a revolutionary role in the generation of English female literature, which was counteracted by this piece- and Charlotte Bronte further developed her feminist thoughts, which have beenRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young woman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, though many other authors have contributed to this book ove r time. Austen often references the class system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s struggle to marry outside of the class that theyRead MoreEmma Cultural Context1084 Words   |  5 PagesEmma by Jane Austen Cultural context The novel I have studied is Emma by Jane Austen. The cultural context to which we are introduced in the novel Emma by Jane Austen, is the world of the middle classes in the nineteenth century. In this essay I will look, firstly, at the role of women in this world. I will examine the very limited opportunities a woman had in terms of education and finding a career which would allow her to live an independent life in the world of the novel. Secondly, I willRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1231 Words   |  5 PagesPrejudice, Jane Austen states that the desire for better social connections interferes with the workings of love through the relationship between Darcy and Elizabeth to criticize the social class structure of the 19th century. Anxieties about social connections or the desire for better social connections, interfere with the workings of love. Darcy and Elizabeth s realization of a mutual and tender love seems to imply that Jane Austen views love as something independent of these social forces, asRead MoreEssay on Jane Austen and Social Status1559 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen essay outline Jane Austen, the English novelist, often spoke of what living under social classes was like with the status of women and their class during her time in the nineteenth century. Miss Austens novels all outlined this common link, during which she shows how it affects other peoples views of one another with respect. The upper class did not work, and contained some of the oldest families, in which most were titled aristocrats. Most of the income was received upon birthRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young woman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, though many other authors have contributed to this book over time. Austen often references the class system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s struggle to marry outside of the class that theyRead MoreComparative Study: Letters to Alice and Pride and Prejudice1502 Words   |  7 Pagescentral values shared and explored by evaluating them; presenting them against Jane Austens context and that of Fay Weldon. Mirroring Austens n ovel, Weldon presents the central values for women such as the social values of moral behaviour, independence, and, literary values of reading and writing, from Pride and Prejudice and adapts them to a 20th Century context. Weldons novels subtitle, On First Reading Jane Austen, suggests that the novel should serve as a filter to assist readers. The implicationRead MoreJane Austen: Pride and Prejudice 1086 Words   |  5 PagesJane Austen, born December 16, 1775, was an English novelist whose works of romantic fiction earned her a place as one of the most widely read authors in English literature. Austen’s novels critique the life of the second half of the eighteenth century and are part of the transition to nineteenth-century realism. Though her novels were by no means autobiographical, her fictional characters do shed light on the facts of her life and but more importantly, they offered aspiring writers a model of howRead More With particular reference to the novel opening , how does Jane Austen1247 Words   |  5 PagesWith particular reference to the novel opening, how does Jane Austen present the role of women in pride and prejudice? Pride and Predujice With particular reference to the novel opening, how does Jane Austen present the role of women in pride and prejudice? Pride and prejudice was first published in 1893, this was a time when it just became acceptable for women to write and publish books. Pride and prejudice was set in the early 19th century in rural England. Pride and Prejudice

Marijuana Should it Be Legalized Essay - 1653 Words

The use of marijuana for medical purposes has stimulated debate for many years. Some people find the use of marijuana therapeutic and the only way to relieve their chronic pain. Also, there are a growing number of people who feel it is harmless and think it should be legalized in small quantities for recreational use. Despite the illegality of this substance it has continued to be used and grown by many people. And though it seems harmless to some, there are others worried about the message legalization and the recreational use of the substance would give teenagers. And more importantly they are concerned about increased criminal behavior, addiction and other health problems that can arise from its use. Though marijuana is a natural†¦show more content†¦Because of the widespread use and acceptance of marijuana as well as the passage of several state medical marijuana laws several research studies were conducted. These studies were analyzing whether new medical marijuana laws were causing an increase in teen use. The data from the research showed there was an increase in teen use over the last four years. One such study even revealed that it had increased in the youngest age group studied, eighth grade students (Anonymous). This increase in teen use is further supported by an article from Target News Reports that states â€Å"one in every fifteen high school seniors today is smoking pot on a daily basis† (Marijuana). These studies show a growing trend in teenage use of marijuana and popularity of marijuana which would seem to support the fact that legalizing marijuana even for medicinal purposes has led to increased teen use. The acceptance of marijuana use by a growing number of people may have been a contributing factor to this increase. Such a broad acceptance of a drug as â€Å"ok† for medical reasons gives teenagers a mixed sense of right and wrong. When we as adults express outwardly that something is acceptable it leaves an impression on children that we may not intend. This misunderstanding can leave teens thinking that it is a safe drug to use. As more and more medical marijuana shops open it becomes increasing easier for peopleShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?849 Words   |  4 Pageswhether marijuana should be legalized. Around 23 states have legalized marijuana for medical and recreational use. In the state of Illinois, medicinal use of marijuana has been passed on April 17, 2013. Since January 2014, patients are able to obtain marijuana with a doctor s recommendation. The new debate is whether marijuana should be legalized for the general public as a recreational drug. Al though some believe that marijuana is harmless, and that it has beneficial medicinal uses, marijuana shouldRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1715 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana in Society Cannabis, formally known as marijuana is a drug obtained from the tops, stems and leaves of the hemp plant cannabis. The drug is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world. Only substances like caffeine, nicotine and alcohol are used more (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). In the U. S. where some use it to feel â€Å"high† or get an escape from reality. The drug is referred to in many ways; weed, grass, pot, and or reefer are some common names used to describe the drug (â€Å"Marijuana† 1). Like mostRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1489 Words   |  6 Pagescannabis plant or marijuana is intended for use of a psychoactive drug or medicine. It is used for recreational or medical uses. In some religions, marijuana is predominantly used for spiritual purposes. Cannabis is indigenous to central and south Asia. Cannabis has been scientifically proven that you can not die from smoking marijuana. Marijuana should be legalized to help people with medical benefits, econo mic benefits, and criminal benefits. In eight states, marijuana was legalized for recreationalRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1245 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana is a highly debatable topic that is rapidly gaining attention in society today.   Legalizing marijuana can benefit the economy of this nation through the creation of jobs, increased tax revenue, and a decrease in taxpayer money spent on law enforcement.   Ã‚  Many people would outlaw alcohol, cigarettes, fast food, gambling, and tanning beds because of the harmful effects they have on members of a society, but this is the United States of America; the land of the free and we should give peopleRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1010 Words   |  5 PagesThe legalization of marijuana became a heated political subject in the last few years. Twenty-one states in America have legalized medical marijuana. Colorado and Washington are the only states where marijuana can be purchased recreationally. Marijuana is the high THC level part of the cannabis plant, which gives users the â€Å"high† feeling. There is ample evidence that supports the argument that marijuana is beneficial. The government should legalize marijuana recreationally for three main reasonsRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1231 Words   |  5 Pagesshows the positive benefits of marijuana, it remains illegal under federal law. In recent years, numerous states have defied federal law and legalized marijuana for both recreational and medicinal use. Arizona has legalized marijuana for medical use, but it still remains illegal to use recreationally. This is absurd, as the evidence gathered over the last few decades strongly supports the notion that it is safer than alcohol, a widely available substance. Marijuana being listed as a Schedule I drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1350 Words   |  6 Pagespolitics in the past decade would have to be the legalization of marijuana. The sale and production of marijuana have been legalized for medicinal uses in over twenty states and has been legalized for recreational uses in seven states. Despite the ongoing support for marijuana, it has yet to be fully legalized in the federal level due to cultural bias against â€Å"pot† smoking and the focus over its negative effects. However, legalizing marijuana has been proven to decrease the rate of incrimination in AmericaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1457 Words   |  6 PagesSHOULD MARIJUANA BE LEGALIZED? Marijuana is a drug that has sparked much controversy over the past decade as to whether or not it should be legalized. People once thought of marijuana as a bad, mind-altering drug which changes a person’s personality which can lead to crime and violence through selling and buying it. In the past, the majority of citizens believed that marijuana is a harmful drug that should be kept off the market and out of the hands of the public. However, a recent study conductedRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1145 Words   |  5 PagesLegalizing Marijuana Marijuana is a drug that has been actively used for centuries. This drug can be traced back to 2737 BC by the Chinese emperor Shen Nung. He spoke about the euphoric effects of Cannabis and even referred to it as the â€Å"Liberator of Sin.† Since early on, marijuana was seen as a medicinal plant that was recommended for medical uses. Marijuana is currently in schedule I, which means that physicians are not allowed to prescribe it in the United States (Hart, Ksir 2013). This drugRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1596 Words   |  7 Pages But what needs to be known before a user can safely and completely make the decision if trying Marijuana is a good idea? Many do not want the drug to be legalized because they claim that Cannabis is a â€Å"gateway drug†, meaning it will cause people to try harder drugs once their body builds up a resistance to Marijuana, because a stronger drug will be needed to reach a high state. This argument is often falsely related to the m edical side of the debate over legalization. It is claimed that this would

Michelangelo’s David Free Essays

Introduction: I. Michelangelo’s David A. First supporting information for the sub-topic 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Michelangelo’s David or any similar topic only for you Order Now Description of Michelangelo’s masterpiece 2. Detail of the statue of David B. Renaissance Period 1. European civilization 2. The story of David II. Political Implications A. First supporting information for the sub-topic 1. The artist 2. influence of the ‘contrapposto’ style B. The symbol of Renaissance sculptures 1. â€Å"Great and Heroic† 2. Michelangelo saw himself as a master III. Timeless Art A. Michelangelo’s work of art 1. Florentine humanists 2. Medieval supernaturalism B. Predominant social philosophy 1. The practical measure of all things 2. The worship of beauty ? THESIS Michelangelo’s David, is the most timeless and famous work of art of the renaissance period. Not only was the outcome of the art work a masterpiece, but also the artist himself was one of the most influential people within that time period. The work of Michelangelo influenced history. An entire civilization was affected by the creation and the symbolism of Michelangelo’s David. Michelangelo’s David Annotated Bibliography Keliner F. S, Gardner H. , ; Mamiya C. J. (1995) Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: This book presents a detailed depiction of the art work and events that surrounded Michelangelo’s statue of David. It includes a historical timeline that parallels the influence that works of art had in the renaissance era. It describes the artistic events that changed history in such a way that you can get the essence of what went on at the time. Also, in the text itself, it gives definitive explanations to what is happening at the time so that you can understand fully what the artist is saying or where he is coming from. Gill A. (2004) Il Gigante: Michelangelo, Florence, and the David 1492-1504: This book is a well-researched work of history, from a political and artistic point of view. I find the author’s technique of bringing the reader into Michelangelo’s world very effective. The author demonstrates concretely how Renaissance politics and maneuvering affected Michelangelo on many levels. The history described in this story is very detailed and supports my thesis. Scigliano E. (2005) Michelangelo’s Mountain: The Quest for Perfection in the Marble Quarries of Carrara: This book contains the story of Michelangelo’s search for the stone he wanted, his continuing relationship with the city where he found it, and that city today. Only recently the seventeen foot tall statue of David was restored, and the world was reminded of all its beauty. The author reminds us of the risks taken by quarrymen and by Michelangelo himself as they worked together to find the perfect stone, one that would do justice to Michelangelo’s vision. Wallace W. E. (1998) Michelangelo: The Complete Sculpture, Painting, Architecture: This book includes very detailed pictures accompanied comments and/or information about Michelangelo’s David. This five volume series reproduces about 100 articles and close to one hundred photographs in each volume. CONCLUSION Michelangelo’s David was not just a carved sculpture of a great man. Michelangelo’s David embodied the very meaning of the word renaissance. The statue of David was the reason for the fame and fortune that followed this great artist. The influence of this particular piece of Michelangelo is so great that there have been many a replicas of the original installed all over the world. How to cite Michelangelo’s David, Papers

Service organisation Duke Childrens Hospital

Introduction The reason for conducting this research is to understand how service organisations embrace Customer Service Management (CSM). My research topic is customer service management in service organisations. CSM covers customer satisfaction, service quality, brand loyalty, relationship management, process, people and physical evidence. The service organisation which is under study in this research is Duke Children’s Hospital.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Service organisation: Duke Children’s Hospital specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Literature Review Relationships Management An organisation is a group of people who work together with coordinated efforts to achieve certain objectives or goals. Organisational goals and objectives are of various categories and it is this variation of the goals and objectives which classify organisations into three main categories namely profit making; service based and social responsibility based organisations. Management is about planning, coordinating and controlling organisational resources so as to facilitate the achievement of organisational goals and objectives in an efficient and effective manner. The nature of management therefore only allows for the top leadership of an organisation to act as the drivers of the organisation in a way which facilitates the organisation to achieve its goals and objectives, including the management of organisational change (Murray, Poole Jones, 2006, pp.45-69). Relationship management is the coordination of the interactions which take place within an organisational setting. The aim of relationship management is to foster excellent communication based on mutual understanding. Relationship management also aims at ensuring that employees of an organisation relate with each other well. It aims at minimizing any friction between employees, which may lead to poor service delivery (Karimi, Somers Gupta, 2001). Organisations need to manage the relationships especially between the upper level management and the lower level or junior employees. Organisations which aspire to attain their objectives usually follow the human relations approach to relationship management as opposed to the scientific approach, which sees employees as tools to be managed to produce desired outcomes.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The human relations approach to relationship management on the other hand views employees as social beings with feelings, and therefore the need of handling them with courtesy (David,1989), Customer Satisfaction This entails providing goods and services which match customers’ needs and purchasing power. Customer satisfaction is also the ability of an organisation to meet the needs of the customers. Customer satisfaction involves providing goods and services of high quality in an efficient manner. It also involves the pricing of the goods and services in a manner which is friendly to the customers. Customers derive their satisfaction from a product or a service of if the product or service is worth the amount of money the customers pays for the same (Cheung Lee, 2003). Brand Loyalty A brand is a qualifying aspect of a product or service. Organisations brand their products and services with a view of capturing the attention of potential customers. Brand loyalty refers to the extent to which customers have passion and interest in a particular product or service due to the way the product or service is branded (Tompkins, 1998). High brand loyalty means that the customers prefer that product or service over all the others. Low brand loyalty means that the passion of customers in a particular product or service is not guaranteed and the customers may be easily swayed to purchasing other products or services. Service Quality This i s the provision of high quality services by an organisation. Focusing on quality aims at ensuring that customers get the value of their money in any service provided to them. Service quality is related to an organisational overall strategy in that high quality goods and services would enables an organisation increase its customer satisfaction. This leads to increase in sales and enables the organisation to meet its financial objective of expanding to new markets (Carraher, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Service organisation: Duke Children’s Hospital specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Process This refers to the activities which take place in the provision of services. Good processes are the ones which focus on quality as well as those which allow for the efficient utilization of resources by an organisation. Good processes are not complex but are easy to adopt and change depending on the sit uation (Carraher, 2005). Processes include things like administration, type of resources used either manual or technological, monitoring and evaluation and feedback analysis. Good processes enable organisations to not only satisfy the customers but also create a good working environment for the employees, thus maximizing their productivity (Michael Ferrell, 1996). People In an organisational context, people are taken to mean employees and the stakeholders of an organisation. An organisation must ensure that it puts in place a good public relations strategy so that it can gain good reputation both among the employees and the stakeholders. Organisations should labour to ensure fair employee practice as well as corporate social responsibility to foster its relationship with its external environment (Parasuraman valerie, 1985). Physical Evidence This refers to verifiable indicators of an organisational functions and processes. Organisations operate in real world not in virtual space a nd to this regard; there must be an evidence of the success of the organisations. Some of indicators of organisational success include growth and expansion, customer satisfaction, increased customer base, good reputation of an organisation as well as other indicators such as mergers and acquisition, and internationalization of an organisation (Lee, 1996). Methodology Research involves collection of data, facts and information for various social, political and economic purposes. In collection of data, various research designs are utilised. Qualitative method uses samples of the population to represent the whole. Data collected is non-numerical and descriptive in nature.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Quantitative research method on the other hand is concerned with quantification of social phenomena, and usually deals with large or whole populations. Data is collected in statistical or numerical form. Qualitative and quantitative research designs are sometimes used as a continuum in that they complement each other (Newman Benz, 1998). In this research, the methodology used was that of interviewing. Apart from interviewing, I also read about the organisation’s customer service management practices in its website. Interviews involved the mailing of questionnaires to the Dukes’ Children’s Hospital managers through their email addresses. The questionnaires were designed so as to get the views of the managers in regards to the issues of customer service management in their organisation. The interview comprised ten heads of operations, either current or former employees of the hospital located in various locations or branches of the hospital. Their names and conta cts were obtained from the company’s employee’s data base. After getting the names and their contacts, they were requested to participate in the interview at their will, which they consented to. They were explained about the purpose of the interview and assured that the information was to remain confidential, and would not be used to accord or deny them any privileges as employees or former employees of the organisation. They were also guaranteed anonymity in the analysis of the information which they gave. This was done so as to ensure that they participated in the interview without any form of biases. A copy of the questionnaire attached as an appendix. Limitations of the methodology One limitation of the method was that some questions were retuned unanswered, especially because the participants did not understand them. This was because there was nobody to give clarifications on the questions and also to probe to get the meaning of the participants. The other limitat ion was that some of the participants did not receive the interview because it went to the spam instead of the inbox. Due to this, three out of ten participants did not actually participate in the interview. This compromised the validity and reliability of the survey. How Dukes children’s hospital has implemented CSM From the data obtained from the interviews, it emerged that the internal business process which Duke Children’s hospital focused on in the development of the balanced scorecard was quality improvement. This was aimed at ensuring that the hospital improved its quality of performance; so as to improve the stakeholder relationship. One of the measures taken was to introduce the use of technology in its services, especially in data and information management in the organisation. The organisation introduced a system which linked the payers and the other staff who dealt with the clients directly. The system involved the generation of an automated data base for a ll the clients. This data base comprised of information for all the clients including their date of birth, type of service they received, their diagnosis, policy number and the physician who attended them. The system was designed in a manner that after the processing of client’s details, they were faxed directly to the payers, who faxed them back immediately together with the notification number. The aim was to increase the number of notifications per hour and reduce the time for each notification. Another process was the alignment of the clinicians and the administrators, to enable them work on a single platform of enabling the organisation attain its mission and vision. Their alignment however led to a gap in communication between them, especially in regards to the issue of how to implement the balanced scorecard whereby the administrators felt that they still had a bigger say in its implementation than the other staff; but with time, the gap was eventually bridged through sharing information on how best to implement the balanced scorecard and the role to be played by each and every employee of the organisation. In order to improve on quality, the organisation introduced a training system, which was employee tailored. There were training for the nurses, the clinicians and the administrators on how to improve on quality. Each of them was trained on service delivery as well as on team work and how to relate well with others in the workplace. The overall objective was to create an organisational culture which enhanced learning from each other so as to improve the quality of services offered by the organisation. The research also discovered that the organisation was using an automated system which enhanced the efficiency of the organisation by reducing the rate of denial by the payer from 15% to 1% or less. By so doing, the organisation increased its efficiency. The patients were also happy with the idea because it reduced the time they spend before being attended to. This led to an increase in customer satisfaction of 4.7, up from 4.3 on a 5.0 scale. The hospital also reduced its cost per case form $14, 889 in 1996 to $ 10,500 in the year 2000. The alignment of the administrators and the clinicians also led to the increase in the net margin from -$11 million in 1996 to+$4 million in the year 2000. The training of the staff (the nursing unit) improved their performance from 71% in 1996 to 100% in the year 2000. The creation of an organisational culture which enhanced learning improved the staff satisfaction from 1.5 in 1996 to 4.0 on a scale of 5.0 in the year 2000. This staff satisfaction was accompanied by improved staff performance, which led to a decline in the rate of readmission of patients from 7% in 1996 to 3% in 2000 (Niven, 2006). Conclusion The paper was a research based on the topic of customer service management in service organisations. The organisation which the research was based on is Dukes children hospital. Some o f the customer service management concepts discussed include relationship management, service quality, people, and process among others. The research used electronic questionnaires emailed to the staff of the hospital. The analysis of the information indicates that the hospital has managed to effectively enhance customer service management, especially in the area of efficiency and quality improvement. However, the organisation needs to do a lot to boost its relationship with the social environment because nothing it has done as far as corporate social responsibility is concerned. Reference List Carraher, S. M 2005, Customer service management in Western and Central Europe: a concurrent validation strategy in entrepreneurial financial information services organizations, Journal of Business Strategies, Centre for Business and Economic Research, Volume: 22. Cheung , C.F Lee, W.B 2003, A multi-perspective knowledge-based system for customer service management, Expert Systems With Appli cations, Vol. 24, issue 4. David. E. B 1989, A Framework for analyzing customer Service Orientation in Manufacturing, The academy of management review, vol. 14, No1. Karimi, J Somers, T.M Gupta, Y.P 2001, Impact Of Information Technology Management Practices On Customer Service, Journal of management information systems Issue: volume 17,No.4. Lee, H 1996, Effective Inventory and Service Management through Product and Process Redesign, Operations Research vol. 44 no. 1 151-159 Michael, D Ferrell, O.C. 1996, the management of customer –contact service employees: an empirical investigation, Journal of marketing, Vol. 60, No4. Murray,P, Poole, D Jones, G 2006, Contemporary issues in Management and Organisational Behaviour, Cengage Learning, Farmington Hills, MI, pp.45-69. Newman, I Benz, R 1998, Qualitative-quantitative research methodology: exploring the interactive continuum, SIU Press, Wien. Niven, P.R 2006, Rati Balanced scorecard step-by-step: maximizing performance and maintaining results, 2nd edn, Wiley, Hoboken, N.J. Parasuraman, A valerie A 1985, A Conceptual Model Of Service Quality And Tits Implications For Future Research, Journal Of Marketing, Vol.49, No, 4. Tompkins, J,A 1998, The warehouse management handbook, 2nd edn, NC Tompkins, Raleigh. This research paper on Service organisation: Duke Children’s Hospital was written and submitted by user Juan V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Although the foetus has no right to life, its interests are adequately protected by English law. The WritePass Journal

Although the foetus has no right to life, its interests are adequately protected by English law. Introduction Although the foetus has no right to life, its interests are adequately protected by English law. ). Kennedy, I., Grubb, A., Laing, J. and McHale, J. Principles of Medical Law, OUP Oxford, 3rd Edition, (2010). Jackson, E. Medical Law: Text, Cases and Materials (Text, Cases and Materials), OUP Oxford, 2nd Edition, (2009). Mason, K. and Laurie, G. Mason and McCall Smith’s Law and Medical Ethics, OUP Oxford, 8th Edition, (2010). Articles: Abortion Rights Campaign, Why women need a modern abortion, law and better services, Available [Online] at: abortionrights.org.uk/content/view/180/121/ BBC, Women’s Rights Arguments in Favour of Abortion, Ethics Guide, (1992), Available [Online] at: bbc.co.uk/ethics/abortion/mother/for_1.shtml K.D and Gearty. CA, Terminating Abortion Rights? New Law Journal, 142 NLJ 1969, Issue 6579, (04 December, 1992). C, Forty Years On, New Law Journal, 157 NLJ 1517, Issue 7295, (02 November, 2007). Frankenburg, G., Human Rights and the Belief in a Just World International Journal of Constitutional Law, Volume 12, Issue 1. Holetzky, S. What is Judicial Activism? (04 February, 2010), Available [Online] at: wisegeek.com/what-is-judicial-activism.htm Human Rights, Right to Life: Not just an abortion issue, Available [Online] at: abouthumanrights.co.uk/right-life-not-just-abortion-issue.html I, A Vacancy in the Supreme Court, New Law Journal, 144 NLJ 537, Issue 6644, (22 April, 1994). McCrudden, C. Human Dignity and Judicial Interpretation of Human Rights, European Journal of International Law, EJIL 2008 19 (655), Issue 4, (01 September, 2008). O’Donovan, K. Commentary, Medical Law Review, Med Law Rev 2006 14 (115), (01 March, 2006). Sandel, M. J. Symposium: Law, Community, and Moral Reasoning Moral Argument and Liberal Toleration: Abortion and Homosexuality, California Law Review, 77 Calif. L. Rev. 521, (May, 1989). The Society for the Protection of Unborn Children, SPUC, Abortion and disability or eugenic abortion, Available [Online] at: spuc.org.uk/students/abortion/disability Thielen, D. Overturn Roe v Wade, Liberal and Loving It, (2005), Available [Online] at: davidthielen.info/politics/2005/08/overturn_roe_vs.html Wicks, E., Wyldes, M. and Kilby, M. Late Termination of Pregnancy for Foetal Abnormality: Medical and Legal Perspectives, Medical Law Review, Med Law Rev 2004.12 (285), (01 September, 2004).

Types of Slavery in Africa and the World Today

Types of Slavery in Africa and the World Today Whether slavery existed within sub-Saharan African societies before the arrival of Europeans is a hotly contested point between Afrocentric and Eurocentric academics. What is certain is that Africans, like other people throughout the world, have been subjected to several forms of slavery over the centuries, including chattel slavery under both the Muslims with the trans-Saharan slave trade and Europeans through the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Even after the abolition of the slave trade in Africa, colonial powers continued to use forced labor, such as in King Leopolds Congo Free State (which was operated as a massive labor camp) or as libertos on the Portuguese plantations of Cape Verde or Sao Tome. Major Types of Slavery It can be argued that all of the following qualify as slavery- the United Nations deems slavery to be the status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the powers attaching to the right of ownership are exercised and slave as a person in such condition or status. Slavery existed long before European imperialism, but the scholarly emphasis on the African transatlantic slave trade led to a neglect of contemporary forms of slavery until the 21st century. Chattel Slavery Chattel slavery is the most familiar type of slavery, although they make up a comparatively small proportion of slaves in the world today. It involves the complete ownership of one human being by another, whether captured, born, or sold into permanent servitude; their children are normally also treated as property. Chattel slaves are considered property and are traded as such. They have no rights, are expected to perform labor (and sexual favors) at the command of a slave master. This is the form of slavery which was carried out in the Americas as a result of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. There are reports that chattel slavery still exists in Islamic North Africa, in such countries as Mauritania and Sudan (despite both countries being participants in the 1956 UN slavery convention). One example is that of Francis Bok, who was taken into bondage during a raid on his village in southern Sudan in 1986 at the age of seven and spent ten years as a chattel slave in the north of Sudan before escaping. The Sudanese government denies the continued existence of slavery in its country. Debt Bondage The most common form of slavery in the world today is debt bondage, known as bonded labor, or peonage, a type of enslavement resulting from a debt owed to a moneylender, usually in the form of forced agricultural labor: in essence, people as used collateral against their debts. Labor is provided by the person who owes the debt, or a relative (typically a child): the borrowers labor pays off the interest on the loan, but not the original debt itself. It is unusual for a bonded laborer to ever escape their indebtedness since further costs would accrue during the period of bondage (food, clothing, shelter), and it is not unknown for the debt to be inherited across several generations. Faulty accounting and huge interest rates, sometimes as much as 60 or 100 percent, are used in extreme cases. In the Americas, peonage was extended to include criminal peonage, where prisoners sentenced to hard labor were farmed out to private or governmental groups. Africa has its own unique version of debt bondage called pawnship. Afrocentric academics claim that this was a much milder form of debt bondage compared to that experienced elsewhere since it would occur on a family or community basis where social ties existed between debtor and creditor. Forced Labor or Contract Slavery Contract slavery is defined as that created when the slaveholder guarantees employment, luring job seekers to remote locations. Once a worker arrives at the place of promised employment, he or she is violently coerced into labor without pay. Otherwise known as unfree labor, forced labor, as the name implies, is based on the threat of violence against the laborer (or his or her family). Laborers contracted for a specific period would find themselves unable to escape enforced servitude, and the contracts are then used to mask the slavery as a legitimate work arrangement. This was used to an overwhelming extent in King Leopolds Congo Free State and on Portuguese plantations of Cape Verde and Sao Tome. Minor Types Several less common types of slavery are found throughout the world and account for a small number of the total number of slaves. Most of these types tend to be restricted to specific geographic locations. State Slavery or War Slavery State slavery is that which is government-sponsored, where the state and army captures and forces its own citizens to work, often as laborers or bearers in military campaigns against indigenous populations or for government construction projects. State slavery is practiced in Myanmar and North Korea. Religious Slavery Religious slavery is when religious institutions are used to maintain slavery, One common scenario is when young girls are given to local priests to atone for the sins of their family members, which is thought to appease the gods for the crimes committed by relatives. IPoor families will in effect sacrifice a daughter by having her marry a priest or a god, and end up often working as a prostitute. Domestic Servitude This type of slavery is when women and children are forced to serve as domestic workers in a household, held at force, isolated from the outside world and never allowed outside. Serfdom A term usually restricted to medieval Europe, serfdom is when a tenant farmer is bound to a section of land and was thus under the control of a landlord. The serf can feed themselves by working on their lords land  but is liable for the provision of other services, such as working on other sections of land or military service. A serf was tied to the land, and could not leave without his lords permission; they often required permission to marry, to sell goods, or to change their occupation. Any legal redress lay with the lord. Although this is considered a European condition, the circumstances of servitude are not unlike those experienced under several African kingdoms, such as that of the Zulu in the early nineteenth century. Slavery Around the World The number of people who today are enslaved to a degree depends on how one defines the term. There are at least 27 million people in the world who are permanently or temporarily under the complete control of some other person, business or state, who maintains that control by violence or the threat of violence. They live in nearly every country in the world, although the majority are believed to be concentrated in India, Pakistan, and Nepal. Slavery is also endemic in southeast Asia, Northern and Western Africa, and South America; and there are pockets in the United States, Japan, and many European countries. Sources Androff, David K. The Problem of Contemporary Slavery: An International Human Rights Challenge for Social Work. International Social Work 54.2 (2011): 209–22. Print.Bales, Kevin. Expendable People: Slavery in the Age of Globalization. Journal of International Affairs 53.2 (2000): 461–84. Print.Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, as adopted by a Conference of Plenipotentiaries convened by Economic and Social Council resolution 608(XXI) of 30 April 1956 and done at Geneva on 7 September 1956.

Terminal Design Concept Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Terminal Design Concept - Essay Example d namely; pier satellite design, pier finger design, remote satellite design, transporter design, semicircular (curvilinear) design and linear design. Having analyzed the concepts mentioned above, the most appropriate and efficient design was a hybrid of linear and pier satellite design configurations. By description, the linear design concept involves a configuration with one building hosting both the ticketing and waiting area especially for small aircraft airports. The pier satellite terminal includes the same design as linear only that it involves more concourses connected to this main building thus creating several satellite structures. Considerations of best practices in modern airports influenced the hybrid selection decision. The need for short walking distances, for example, for passengers was assured by incorporating linear design to counter the excessive walking distances created by the rotunda-like pier satellite concept. A linear design concept guarantees a precise orientation where aircrafts park nose-in with respect to the terminal building. However, the orientation occasioned by the rotunda-like layout in the pier satellite design configuration is not a straight forward one. Simple construction of the main linear terminal building and the piers influenced the selection of the hybrid design configuration. The layout is simple and enables passengers to park their vehicles even right in front of the terminals before they enter through for boarding the aircraft. Adequate curb length is made possible by the pier satellite system since it is dependent on dwell time called so to mean the time has taken to remove passengers and their baggage. Thanks to the piers for decentralizing the clearing area and the no hub volume type of airport under consideration. In this case, there was enough area for terminal curb for through vehicles, baggage, and the passengers’ pickup. Small baggage system costs using decentralized system helps achieve pier satellite

Discuss the significance of the media in shaping values and practices Essay

Discuss the significance of the media in shaping values and practices in contemprary societies - Essay Example Forms. There are different forms of media including analog and digital media, which are both equally prominent in the lives of people around the world. Media is understood to include the radio, film, television, video, newspapers, magazines, radio, films, compact discs, current affairs programs and advertising - all of which are considered in relation to media audiences. In the rise of technology, the Internet has highly become an addition to these media. Media may inform us and alert us about current events and other important information. However, media may conceal deception. This indicates that although media is intended for something positive as in providing unbiased data to the public, it can be unreliable at times. When a medium is intentionally partial to one side or deletes some details of a story, the intention of that medium is dubious. On this score, media can shape values and practices in contemporary societies positively or negatively. This significant role of media can best be understood not only in relation to our daily lives but also within the context of larger social forces such as the economy, politics and technological development (Alexander & Hanson, 1999). Characteristics. One way to understand media is to look at its certain qualities that must be taken into consideration as either positive or negative. As Pungente (1989) characterizes media, they primarily present carefully crafted constructions that are the result of many factors. For example, in the making of news, there are principles to follow and there are structures that must be adhered to. Yet, there are the factors that help shape them like ownership and control of the medium. News must be constructed and presented in such a way that it will not hurt the owners’ interests. It is the same with advertising and all the other presentations, where care and timing are considered, yet effects and impacts on the audience are equally studied - again based

BonJours Basic Antifoundationalist Argument :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

BonJour's 'Basic Antifoundationalist Argument' ABSTRACT: BonJour argues that there can be no basic empirical beliefs. But premises three and four jointly entail ‘BonJour’s Rule’ — one’s belief that p is justified only if one justifiably believes the premises of an argument that makes p highly likely — which, given human psychology, entails global skepticism. His responses to the charge of skepticism, restricting premise three to basic beliefs and noting that the Rule does not require ‘explicit’ belief, fail. Moreover, the Rule does not express an epistemic duty. Finally, his argument against this fails since it is false that if an experiential state has representational content, then it is in need of justification. I venture the diagnosis that BonJour mistook the representational content of a cognitive state for the assertive functional role of a belief. Foundationalism may well be false, but not for BonJour’s reasons. Laurence BonJour observes that critics of foundationalism tend to argue against it by objecting to "relatively idiosyncratic" versions of it, a strategy which has "proven in the main to be superficial and ultimately ineffective" since answers immune to the objections emerge quickly. (1) BonJour aims to rectify this deficiency. Specifically, he argues that the very soul of foundationalism, "the concept of a basic empirical belief," is incoherent. (2) This is a bold strategy from which we can learn even if, in the end, as I shall argue, it fails. But, first, what is foundationalism? A person's belief is ‘nonbasic’ just in case it is justified in virtue of its relation to other justified beliefs; it is ‘basic’ just in case it is justified but not in virtue of its relation to other justified beliefs. Foundationalism is the view that if one has a nonbasic belief, then — in the final analysis — it is justified in virtue of its relation to a basic belief. Basic beliefs comprise the foundation of a person's network of justified beliefs. Now to BonJour's argument. 1. The Argument Stated BonJour summarizes it like this: 1. Suppose, for reductio, that there are basic empirical beliefs. 2. A belief is justified only if there is a reason why it is likely to be true. 3. A belief is justified for a person only if he is in cognitive possession of such a reason. 4. A person is in cognitive possession of such a reason only if he believes with justification the premises from which it follows that the belief is likely to be true.

Learning in the Social environment

Introduction The first social environment is our home, where our family dwells. This kind of environment forms our initial learning, behaviors and our characteristics which give us ideas of who we are and how we are going to act and respond on future circumstances. What we usually see in our everyday living contribute much to our totality as human beings. According to Dr. Bilal Iqbal Avan on his researched that â€Å"during the first three years of life, development of neuronal connections within the brains is condition by the child’s perception of environmental stimuli conveyed by all modalities of sensation. This process affects learning ability, behavior and health in childhood, adolescence and maturity.† (See B. I. Avan, â€Å"The Social Environment during Early Childhood Development in Sindh†. Department of community health Science: School of nursing, the Aga Khan University). *Social Environment Affects Learning* In a study entitled â€Å"Observational Learning† stated that â€Å"observational learning happens when an observer’s behavior changes after viewing the behavior of a model. An observer’s behavior can be affected by the positive or negative consequence, which is called vicarious reinforcement or vicarious punishment, of a model’s behavior. It stated that the observer will imitate the model’s behavior if the model possesses characteristics that the observer finds attractive or desirable. The observer will react to the way the model is treated and mimic model’s behavior. A distinction exists between an observer’s â€Å"acquiring† a behavior and â€Å"performing† a behavior. Through observation, the observer can acquire the behavior without performing it† (See â€Å"Observational Learning†. Funderstanding). Erin C. Barrett, November 23, 2003, stated that according to Armrod that â€Å"learning is a  means through which we acquire not only skills and knowledge but values, attitudes, and emotional reactions†¦ Barrett continued that the â€Å"behavioral learning theory focuses on the learning of tangible, observable behaviors or responses. Through a continual process of stimulating a desired response and reinforcing that desired response, the learner eventually changes their behavior to match the desired response. She continued that â€Å"learning happens in the most basic way and it is something that we can see. As long as the desired behavior is happening, then learning has occurred† (See E. C. Barrett, November 23, 2003. â€Å"The Study of Learning: A Thought paper†. Principles of instruction and learning). *Effects of modeling on behavior* According from the notes on Ormond’s Human learning, it discussed that â€Å"modeling teaches new behaviors. It influences the frequency of previously learned behaviors. It may also encourage previously forbidden behaviors. In short, modeling increases the frequency of similar behaviors (See J. E. Ormrod (1999). â€Å"Social Learning Theory† (3rd Ed). Notes on Ormond’s human learning). *Opinion and Recommendation* We have learned that children are just like a â€Å"tabula rasa† or a clean slate which means that their learning is up to the things they have seen around them. They are great imitators and really followed what are the older people doing. As adults, we should be careful with our actions especially if we are surrounded with children. We must be responsible enough with our actions and responses in every circumstance that we face because it will bring great effect and impact to the young ones’ lives. We are shaping their characters and behaviors through the actions they have seen in us. References Avan, B. I. â€Å"The Social Environment during Early Childhood Development in Sindh†. Ormrod, J. E. (1999). â€Å"Social Learning Theory† (3rd Ed). Notes on Ormond’s human E. C. Barrett, November 23, 2003. â€Å"The Study of Learning: A Thought paper†. Principles

Communication Is The Most Fundamental Element. Cross...

Over the past decades the business world has become more globally interdependent due to the globalization and technology, one of the main business challenges that an organization faces today is cross cultural communication. With increasing numbers of business opportunities across national borders, many organizations tend to expand their business operations abroad. Consequently, there have been significant business competitions. In order to win in this competitive business world, communication is the most fundamental element. Cross cultural communication is defined that it is part of the intercultural communication and has to compare how people communicate across cultures (Browaeys and Price, 2008). Furthermore, according to Huang (2010,†¦show more content†¦Similarly, Lebron (2003) agreed with Hofstede’s statement but assumed that significant cultural differences lead to miscommunication which may bring conflict and aggravate crash. Additionally, she has indicated th at intercultural communication will be demonstrated by sharing ideas, attitudes, and behaviour and they are divided into four categories such as time and space, fate and personal responsibility, face and face-saving and nonverbal communication. Moreover, most research on cross cultural communication focuses on the importance of cross cultural communication in business environments and negotiations. For instance, some experts have claimed that cross cultural communication has become one of the important parts of international business that cannot be avoided (Zhu and Zhu, 2006; Huang, 2010; Salacuse, 1999). Furthermore, they have assumed that when two negotiating parties from different cultural backgrounds tries to communicate, potential disagreements and misunderstandings arise which may make difficult to negotiate and break up a business partnership. Similarly, Zhang and Zhou (2008) also has claimed that understanding the different cultural issues which existing among different nati ons and focus on cultural diversities in every facet of business is vital for negotiators in operating international business negotiation. InShow MoreRelatedConflict Resolution And Prevention Resolution999 Words   |  4 Pagesthere has been a consistent increasing concern in the cultural aspect of conflict resolution and prevention. This might be as a result of the increased number of intense ethnic/cultural conflicts that exist in the world. Balkans and Rwanda are the most cited examples of the violent intra-country conflicts that are as a result of cultural dimensions. However, one should not forget that even the state to state disputes include numerous cultural elements as evident in the Indian-Pakistan war. Together withRead MoreCross Cultural Communication And Communication744 Words   |  3 PagesCross-cultural communication is increasingly recognized as a major barrier to leveraging intellectual assets globally. The importance of cross-cultural competency has been identifi ed in numerous areas of business, and strategies are continually developed to improve cultural awareness and effective communication and collaboration. It is important to first establish what is meant by culture and communication. Munter defines culture as consisting of â€Å"values, attitudes, and behavior in a given groupRead MoreCross Cultural Perspectives Of Culture Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesCross-Cultural Perspectives-900 words Culture refers to the values, rules, norms and behaviour as well as their products that govern the lifestyles of an individual or group. Cultural rules and behaviour are inherited from past generations, may be learned from others and are transmitted to other generation. Additionally, they embody the symbols and systems through which communication, attitudes and knowledge about life takes place. The set a certain group of people apart from others because the manifestationRead MoreIntercultural Communication : A Discourse Approach1225 Words   |  5 PagesChapter one - Intercultural communication: A discourse approach Intercultural communication: A discourse approach attempts to explain the discourse approach and points to the authors distinction between cross-cultural communication and intercultural communication. The chapter underlines the authors approach and theory to intercultural communication. It covers several explanations and the distinction between cross-cultural communication and intercultural communication. The chapter discusses theRead MoreEffects of Culture in Business Communication1635 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness communication in the workplace? Home  » Information Technology  » Intro to Business Communication  » How does culture effect business communication in the workplace? Cultural awareness in communication is crucial in today’s workplace. Businesses must adjust and accommodate new attitudes, rules, and values that are merging in this intercultural society and workplace. Businesses need to be aware of stereotypes, prejudices, and generalizations and proactively educate employees in cultural awarenessRead MoreThe Effects Of Cultural Differences On Ethical Decision Making1515 Words   |  7 Pagesit is important to understand the effects of cultural differences on ethical decision making to avoid possible business risk and to design successful international marketing management programs. With the advancement of globalization, the concept of culture has become an important part of organizations. Many companies face problems like different cultures, different consumer behavior and different way of communication etc. Marketing is one of the most appropriate and effective way of dealing withRead MoreTechnology Roadmapping1361 Words   |  6 Pagesa usual phenomenon that a growing number of people with diverse cultural backgrounds exist in different organisations. The activities of human beings are heavily influenced by culture on various levels, e.g. individuals, nations and organizations, the influence of which also takes actions in investments trades and further relationships (Crossman, Bordia amp; Mills 2010). Organizational culture is one of the most important elements to achieve success. Defined by Barney (1986), organizational cultureRead MoreThe Case Study Refers That â€Å"Aspiraid Company Took The Chance1194 Words   |  5 Pagesthis essay, I will analyze different communication models that could help to break down any language barriers. Before Aspiraid Company makes the decision to go overseas and sell their products into the new market, they should first study the verbal and nonverbal communication messages of the culture systems. Verbal communication is the â€Å"communication between and among humans using language to transmit meaning,† and nonverbal communication is the â€Å"communication that involves the use of all other symbolicRead MoreOver Coming Barriers to Change1506 Words   |  7 Pages------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Overcoming Cultural Barriers to Change Moving to a high performance culture How will you get round the barriers? How does your organization approach change? Do people respond with a sharp intake of breath when they first hear about a proposed new initiative, and then go on to try and find reasons why it wont work? Or do they react by saying things like What a great idea, and we could also.. In other words, is your corporateRead MoreCultural Influences On The Health Care Delivery System1482 Words   |  6 Pagesthe beliefs, customs, and attitudes within a group. Additional elements also include race, language, and socioeconomic status. Given that culture influences daily behaviors and lifestyle patterns, there is clearly an impact on the well-being and health practices within various cultural groups (Riegelman, Kirkwood, 2015). These diversities influence patient interactions in the health care delivery system. Consequently, cultural influences have led to various disparities in healthcare. A culturally